Climate and Weather of Earth's Atmosphere
Earth's atmosphere has no definite limits, slowly thinning and blurring into outer space. Three quarters of the mass of the atmosphere is at an altitude of 11 kilometers from the surface of the Earth. This lowest layer is called the troposphere. Energy from the Sun heats this layer, and the surface below it, which causes air to expand.
The air in this layer then moves up and is replaced by cold air with higher humidity. As a result, atmospheric circulation occurs which triggers the formation of weather and climate through the redistribution of heat energy.
The main effects of atmospheric circulation are the occurrence of trade winds in the equatorial region which are at latitude 30 ° and west winds in the mid-latitude regions between 30 ° and 60 °. Ocean currents are also an important factor in determining climate, especially thermohaline circulation that spreads heat energy from the ocean at the equator to the polar regions.
Water vapor generated through evaporation on the surface of the Earth is transported by circulating patterns in the atmosphere. When the atmosphere lifts warm and humid air, water vapor will condense and settle to the surface of the Earth through the process of precipitation. Water that is lowered to the surface of the Earth in the form of rain is then transported to lower heights by rivers and usually returns to the sea or empties into lakes.
This event is called the water cycle, which is an important mechanism to support the survival of life on land and the main factor that causes erosion on the surface of the Earth in the geological period. The pattern of precipitation is very diverse, ranging from a few meters of water per year to less than one millimeter. Atmospheric circulation, topology, and temperature differences also determine the average rainfall that falls in each region.
The amount of solar energy reaching the Earth will decrease with increasing latitude. At higher latitudes, sunlight reaches the Earth's surface at a lower angle and must pass through thicker atmospheric columns. As a result, the average temperature at sea level decreases around 0.4 ° C per degree of latitude from the equator. The earth can be divided into specific latitude zones based on estimates of climate similarity.
This division ranges from the equator to the polar regions, namely tropical (or equatorial) climate zones, subtropical, temperate, and polar. Climate can also be classified according to temperature and rainfall, which is characterized by climate regions with uniform air masses.
The most commonly used is the Köppen climate classification system (coined by Wladimir Köppen). This classification divides the Earth into five climate zones (humid, dry tropics, humid middle latitudes, continental and cold poles), which are then subdivided into more specific sub-types.
Analysis in an effort to understand and explain the process for the problem and various things that are in it. While science (science) is the right understanding and definition of activities carried out analysis to describe substances into its constituent compounds. In chemistry, analysis is used to determine the composition of an ingredient or substance. Examples of the best known areas of the field of food technology from activity analysis.