Earth's structure and Atmosphere
Arrangement of Layers of Planet Earth
In the process of formation or occurrence the earth has the following arrangement.
Atmosphere
The earth is surrounded by a layer of air called the atmosphere. With a thickness of ± 2,000 km. This air layer mainly contains nitrogen, oxygen and gas. The atmosphere keeps the earth from getting too hot in the sun and not too cold. This layer of air also protects the earth against ultra violet rays from the sun. This ray is dangerous for life. Under the atmosphere there is a cloud containing clouds of water that comes from ocean water vapor and land water vapor down to earth as rain.
Hydrosphere / Ocean / Water
The ocean is a large basin filled with water with an average depth of 3,500 m. The area of the ocean reaches two thirds of the earth's surface.
Mesosphere (Earth's Coat)
Under the earth's crust there is a layer of the earth's mantle. This mantle is a layer of rock about 2,900 km thick. the temperature at the bottom of the mantle reaches 3,700 degrees Celsius, but the rock remains solid because it is under high pressure.
Barisfer (Core of the Earth)
The earth's core consists of two layers, namely the inner core and the outer core.
The outer core is ± 2,000 km thick consisting of molten iron, the temperature reaches 2,200 degrees Celsius.
The inner core in the center of the earth is a ball with a diameter of 2,740 km. this ball consists of solid iron and nickel. The center temperature is ± 4,500 degrees Celsius.
Earth's structure
Earth's atmosphere
The atmosphere is the layer of gas that surrounds a planet, including the earth, from the surface of the planet to deep space. On Earth, the atmosphere is from an altitude of 0 km above the ground, up to about 560 km above the Earth's surface. The atmosphere is composed of several layers, which are named after the phenomena that occur in that layer.
The transition between layers is gradual. The study of the atmosphere was first carried out to solve the problem of the weather, the phenomenon of refraction of the sun when it rises and sets, and the star's twinkling. With sensitive equipment installed in space rides, we can get a better understanding of the atmosphere and the phenomena that occur in it.
The Earth's atmosphere consists of nitrogen (78.17%) and oxygen (20.97%), with a small amount of argon (0.9%), carbon dioxide (variable, but around 0.0357%), water vapor, and other gases. The atmosphere protects life on earth by absorbing ultraviolet radiation from the Sun and reducing extreme temperatures between day and night. 75% of the atmosphere is within 11 km of the planet's surface.
The atmosphere does not have a sudden limit, but rather thin out gradually by increasing the height, there is no definite boundary between the atmosphere and outer space.
The atmosphere comes from the Greek "Atmos" which means water vapor or gas and "Sphaira" which means blanket. So the atmosphere can be interpreted as a layer of gas that surrounds a planet, including the earth, from the surface of the planet to deep space with a thickness of approximately 1,000 km from the earth's surface and has a mass of 59 x 1014 tons. On earth, the atmosphere is from an altitude of 0 km above the ground, up to about 560 km above the earth's surface. Atmosper follows the earth's rotation (rotation) and evolves around the sun.